What term describes the inherent ability of a pesticide to cause injury or poison organisms?

Toxicity is a term used to define the inherent ability of a pesticide or any substance to cause injury or poison organisms, including humans, wildlife, and beneficial insects. It reflects the biological effects of a chemical and is often measured in terms of exposure levels and response severity. A pesticide's toxicity is determined by its chemical composition and how it interacts with biological systems, including the mechanisms of action that lead to adverse effects.

Understanding toxicity is crucial for applicators as it helps them assess the potential impacts of using a pesticide and informs safety protocols to minimize harm to non-target organisms. It is distinct from other terms like hazard, which relates to the potential for harm under certain conditions, and risk, which takes into account both the hazard and the likelihood of exposure to the chemical. By recognizing the concept of toxicity, applicators can make informed decisions about pesticide use and implement strategies to protect the environment and public health.